Please see INNER PEACE, How to be Calmly Active and Actively Calm by Paramhansa Yogananda, page 32, lines 3-11, “A breathing exercise to prepare for meditation…. Rid the lungs of accumulated carbon dioxide, which causes restlessness. Expel the breath through the mouth in a double exhalation: “huh, huhhh.” (This sound is made with the breath only, not the voice.) Then inhale deeply through the nostrils and tense the whole body to a count of six. Expel the breath through the mouth in a double exhalation, “huh, huhhh” and relax the tension. Repeat this three times. (Emphasis added)

The Rights of Man, by Thomas Paine, “Man did not enter into society to become worse than before, not to have fewer rights than he had before, but to have them better secured. His natural rights are the foundation of all his civil rights. But in order to pursue this distinction with more precise, it will be necessary to mark the different qualities of natural and civil rights. A few words will explain this. Natural rights are those which appertain to man in right of his existence. (Emphasis added.) … all those rights of acting as an individual for his own comfort and happiness, which are not injurious to the natural rights of others.” (Emphasis added)

Joseph Black, an English physicist and chemist (1728-1799) discovered carbon dioxide in 1754. He called it “fixed air”. (Emphasis added)

Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier was a French mathematician and physicist. (1768-1830.) He is credited with the discovery of the greenhouse effect as carbon dioxide absorbs ultraviolent light and heats up the atmosphere. (1824) Fourier transform and Fourier’s law. (Emphasis added)

John Tyndall, an Irish physicist, proved Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier’s theory was correct, i.e., that gases in the atmosphere absorb heat to varying degrees – the molecular basis of the greenhouse effect. See Absorption and Radiation of Heat by Gases and Vapours, and on the Physical Connexion of Radiation, Absorption, and Conduction. (1859). 

Robert Angus Smith was a Scottish chemist and was deemed the “Father of Acid Rain”. (1817-84). Air and Rain: The Beginnings of a Chemical Climatology 1872.

The average adult generates between two point three pounds (2.3) per day while an active person can generate up to eight (8) times more in respiration depending upon how physically active they are. 2.3 x 365 equals 839.5 pounds, 839.5 x 8 = 6,716 pounds divided by 2,000 equals 3.358 and 26.864 tons, respectively. Please see 7 Billion Carbon Sinks, How much does breathing contribute to climate change? by Brian Palmer, August 13, 2009.

James Hutton was the Father of Geology (June 3, 1726 – March 26, 1797) because of his theory that geological features could not be static but were the result of continuing transformation over indefinitely long periods of time. He thought geology should be a physiology. He went on to compare the cycling of the nutrious elements in the soil, and the movement of water from the ocean to the land with the circulations of the “blood”. He expressed the idea that the Earth was a superorganism as a fact of science in 1785 at a meeting of the Royal Society of Edinburg. His idea of a living earth was forgotten, or denied in the intense reductionism of the nineteenth century except in the minds of isolated philosophers like Korolinko. (Emphasis added.) He was one of the geniuses of the Scottish Enlightenment. He knew and socialized with David Hume, the philosopher, James Watt, the steam engine pioneer, and Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations. 

An Obituary Elegy by David Norton about the loss of an endemic New Zealand mistletoe. 

Chief Seattle“What is man without the beasts? If all the beasts were gone, man would die of great loneliness of the spirit. For whatever happens to the beasts, soon happens to man. All things are connected. Whatever befalls the earth befalls the children of the earth.”  (Emphasis added)

Martin Luther King, Jr., strength to love, pages 68-69, The Man Who Was a Fool, “In a real sense, all life is interrelated. All men are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly affects all indirectly. I can never be what I ought to be until you are what you ought to be. This is the interrelated structure of reality.” See page 147, lines 8-9, “You have a dual citizenry. You live both in time and eternity.” (Emphasis added.)

Peter Doherty, Their Fate is Our Fate, How Birds Foretell Threats to our Health and Our World. He points out that all propellers/wind turbines should be purple as birds can see this color.

Wolfgang Sachs, Planet Dialectics, Explorations in Environment and Development.

The Ages of Gia, A Biography of Our Living Earth, by James Lovelock.

Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis was a French mathematician, mechanical engineer, and scientist. (1792-1843.) He is known for the Coriolis Effect: In physics, it is an inertial force that acts on objects such as the earth that are in motion relative to a rotating reference frame. In a reference frame with clockwise rotation, the force acts to the left of the motion of the object. If one with anticlockwise rotation, the force acts to the right. Therefore, this force dictates the direction of the trade winds and the distribution of pollution. (Emphasis added.)

The All-Consuming Self, by Allen D. Kenner and Mary E. Gomes. “The urge to purchase an endless stream of material products has now reached such proportions that it no longer is a matter of whim or choice but of personal and cultural identity.” (Emphasis added.)

The Erosion of Civilizationby David R. Montgomery. “This view implies that the life expectancy for a civilization depends on the ratio of the initial soil thickness to the net rate at which it losses soil.Studies compare recent erosion rates to long term geologic rates find increases of at least twofold and as much as a hundred times or more normal. Human activities have increased erosion rates severalfold even in areas with acknowledged problems and erode a hundred to a thousand times faster than what is geologically normal.” (Emphasis added.)

Listening to the Land, Conversations about Nature, Culture, and Eros, by Derrick Jensen. “All this goes to the heart of what people we are. I can’t image the legacy of destroying large mammals on this earth, destroying coral reef ecosystems, songbirds, amphibians. It’s a burden I can’t bear. We need to come to terms with what we’re doing, and we need to think about our legacy.”, page 9, 3rdparagraph. (Emphasis added.)

Only a coordinated global approach will be viable, Lester R. Brown, Plan B 4.0, Mobilizing to Save Civilization with updates, to include atmospheric and oceanic carbon sequestration, acquiring leasehold interests and fee simple rights when possible in large tracts of land and marine property to “lock” mineral rights and to provide a respite and sanctuary for animals to rebuild populations. Ideally, they will be linked together so that animals will have protected access. Tourism could help support carrying costs at one point in time. (Emphasis added.)

“We need to change the intention of human civilization to restoring ecological function on a planetary scale. Then we’ll ensure the quality of life for future generations”. John D. Lou, Ecosystem ambassador, Common Land Foundation in the lessons of the Loess Plateau, China. Pease see PBS The Age of Nature.

Dan Evehewa, Hopi Elder, Final Message to Mankind. “We are instructed to hold this world in balance within the land and the many universes with special prayers and ritual which continue to this day.” From hotevilla,­­­­ 1996 (Emphasis added.)

Please see Atmospheric Lifetime of Fossil Fuel Carbon Dioxide, by David Archer, Michael Eby, Victor Brovkin, Andy Ridgwell, Long Cao, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Ken Caldeira, Katsumi Matsumoto, Guy Munhoven, Alvaro Montenegro, and Kathy Tokos in The Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Volume 17, 2009, pages 117-134. The article’s DOI: 10.1146/annurev.earth.031208.100206. “Conclusions… generally accepted modern understanding of the global carbon cycle indicates that climatic effects of CO2 releases to the atmosphere will persist for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years into the future.” (Emphasis added.)

Svante Arrhenius (1859-1927), asked the question, “Is the mean temperature of the ground in any way influenced by the presence of the heat-absorbing gases in the atmosphere?” He investigated the effect that doubling the atmospheric carbon dioxide would have on the global climate. (Emphasis added.)

“In 1873, I (Frank Wigglesworth Clarke) ventured to publish the suggestion that the evolution of planets from nebula was accompanied by an evolution of chemical elements.” “The validity of the nebula hypothesis was assumed, and the progressive chemical complexity of the heavenly bodies gave my argument its plausibility.” “… “My conclusions, were promptly denounced as heretical but which have since been accepted as quite orthodox.” Frank Wigglesworth Clarke, The Evolution and Disintegration of Matter, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper 132-D, 1924, Introduction p. 51, 2 paragraph.

He was the first person to determine the composition of the earth’s crust and has hence been considered the Father of Geochemistry. He also was the chief chemist for the U.S. Geological Survey from 1883 to 1925. As a chairperson of the International Commission of Atomic Weights, from 1902 to 1918, he guided successive revisions to the Periodic Table of Elements, particularly the atomic mass figures. 

Please see The Data of Geochemistry, Third Edition, 1916 by Frank Wigglesworth Clarke, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Bulletin 770, pages 50, 51, “At 3 parts in 10,000 (equivalent to 300 parts per million) the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere amounts to about to about 2,200,000,000,000 tons, equivalent to 600,000,000,000 tons of carbon.” (1904) …From several sources carbon dioxide is being added to the air. The combustion of fuels, the respiration of animals, the decay of organic material…mineral springs and volcanoes … In a thousand years, then if the rate were constant and no disturbing factors interfered, the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere would be doubled. If we take into account the combustion of fuels other than coal and the large additions to the atmosphere from the sources previously mentioned, the result becomes still more startling. Were there no counterbalancing of this increase in atmospheric carbon, animal life would soon be impossible upon our planet.” (Emphasis added.)

Aldo Leopold was to have been the “Environment Ambassador to the U.N..” He died on April 21, 1948 after helping a neighbor fight a grassfire on that person’s farm before this appointment. “For one species to mourn the death of another is a new thing under the sun” and “Think like a mountain” was coined by him and comes from A Sand County Almanac and Sketches Here and There, and Marshland Elegy, about a favorite place. (Emphasis added.)

One’s dietary choices have impacts on the vitality of the environment. Please see the movie The Cowspiracy and The World Peace Diet, Eating for Spiritual Health and Social Harmony, by Will Tuttle, Ph.D.

An Obituary Elegy by David Norton, about the loss of an endemic New Zealand mistletoe.

The Song of Tress by David George Haskill.

The Global Deal, Climate Change and the Creation of a New Era of Progress and Prosperity by Nicolas Stern. From an economic point of view, it is interesting to note that he was a former economist at the Bank of England and was the author of the Stern Report. A government-commissioned review on climate change. He has stated that mitigation is much cheaper than adoption although adoption costs occur later. He is/was chair of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change at Imperial College, London, England. (Emphasis added.)

Evoluntionaries, Unlocking the Spiritual and Cultural Potential of Science’s Greatest Idea, Carter Phipps.

Ken Libbrecht’s Guide to Snowflakes.

The Human Planet, How We Created the Anthropocene, by Simon L. Lewis & Mark A. Maslin.

The following are direct quotes from the MIT News, October 16, 2012, during panel discussions with the Dalai Lama on the ethical and social challenges of climate change and resource scarcity. It calls for better stewardship of Earth’s resources. … “a more enlightened view of self-interest.” Wise-selfish, rather than foolish-selfish. He suggested that educating people about the dangers of climate change and resource scarcity was” … a critical part of any response to climate change ­­­­---- and one that fails not just upon scientists, but cultural leaders as well.” (Emphasis added.)

Lew Kuan Yew, was the Founding Father of Singapore and its prime minister from 1959 to 1990. Please see: The Grandmaster’s Insights in China, the United States, and the World, Interviews and Selections by Graham Allison and Robert D. Blackwill with Ali Wayne, pages 108 -9, and the section entitled “Is Globalization Reversible?” “Globalization cannot be reversed, because the technologies that made globalization inevitable cannot be uninvented. In fact, better and cheaper transportation and communications will further advance the forces of globalization. (Lee Kuan Yew, The Fundamentals of Singapore’s Foreign Policy Then and Now. “Will the international order collapse? Can it? Can the world afford to allow it to collapse and go into anarchy? … This interconnected world is not going to become disconnected…The problems will become more acute the other way; overpopulation, earth warming, and displacement of millions, maybe billions of people … It scares me, because many world leaders have not woken up to the peril that their populations are in.The melting ice cap. I expected great consternation! What would happen to this earth? But no. Has it triggered emergency meetings to do something about this? Earth warming, the glaciers melting away? It is not an election issue… . Leave it to the next president… You can ameliorate this problem. But you can not solve it. Because our dependency on energy will only grow. I do not see any tribal leader, any democratic leader, any dictator telling his people, “We are going to forgo growth. We are going to consume less. Travel less. Live a more spartan life, and we will save the earth.” (Emphasis added.)

Research finds black carbon breathed by mothers can cross into unborn children, by Damian Carrington, Environment editor, @dpcarrington, Tue 17 Sep 2019 11.00 EDT, “Air pollution particles have been found on the foetal side of placentas, indicating that unborn babies are directly exposed to the black carbon produced by motor traffic and fuel burning. The research is the first study to show that the placental barrier can be penetrated by particles breathed in by the mother. It found thousands of the tiny particles per cubic millimetre of tissue in every placenta analyzed. The link between exposure to dirty air and increased miscarriages, premature births and low birth weights is well established. The research suggests the particles themselves may be the cause, not solely the inflammatory response the pollution produces in mothers.” (Emphasis added.)

• Air pollution is one of the greatest environmental risks to health. By reducing air pollution levels, countries can reduce the burden of disease from stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and both chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including asthma.
• The lower the levels of air pollution, the better the cardiovascular and      respiratory health of the population will be, both long- and short-term.
• In 2019, 99% of the world population was living in places where the WHO air quality guidelines levels were not met.

Some 91% of those premature deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries, and the greatest number in the WHO South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions. (Emphasis added)

Data Review: How many people die from air pollution? This Data Review presents published estimates of the global death toll from air pollution and provides the context that makes them understandable, by Max Roser, November 25, 2021. (Emphasis added.)

“The two most widely cited, and regularly updated estimates for the death toll from air pollution come from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the IHME’s Global Burden of Disease study. Their latest estimates are very close to each other – they estimate 7 million and 6.7 million deaths per year, respectively. These deaths are attributed to both indoor and outdoor pollution and – as explained below – stem from man-made and natural sources of air pollution.” (Emphasis added.)

Hothouse Earth: An Inhabitant’s Guide by Bill McGuire blames a “conspiracy of ignorance, inertia, poor governance, and obfuscation and lies by climate change deniers that has ensured that we have sleepwalked to within less than half a degree of the dangerous 1.5C climate change guardrail. Soon, barring some sort of miracle, we will crash through it.” (Emphasis added)

I would suggest that “A Henry David Thoreau (Walden Pond) Type of Analysis” should be conducted on all activities generating greenhouse gases/pollution. Social and economic benefits must be balanced after deducting all present and future environmental reclamation costs. The true cost must be calculated at the beginning of the life cycle of the product/service with ongoing environmental reclamation steps being undertaken from the start. Some aspects of modern life can be summarized as “Improved means to an unimproved end.” (Emphasis added.)

Looking upwards and sticking out one’s tongue to catch raindrops was once was an expression of playful joy. Now it is ill advisedbecause “PFAS pollution has crossed a planetary boundary, which is a concept that attempts to constrain several boundaries for a safe operating space for humanity with respect to the functioning of the Earth System”. Boundaries are breached when anthropogenic pressures threaten irreversible harm to the Earth’s ecosystems and to our own human well-being”. Please see Rainwater Everywhere Now Considered Too Toxic for Safe Consumption, Study Find Harmful Chemicals called PFAS can be found even in remote regions of Tibet and Antarctica. By Becky Ferreirra/Aug 10 2022. (Emphasis added.)

A Safe operating space for humanity by Johan Rockstrom, Will Steffen, … Jonahan A. Foley …, Nature 461, 472-475 (2009). “Although Earth has undergone many periods of significant environmental change, the planet's environment has been unusually stable for the past 10,000 years1,2,3. This period of stability — known to geologists as the Holocene — has seen human civilizations arise, develop and thrive. Such stability may now be under threat. Since the Industrial Revolution, a new era has arisen, the Anthropocene4, in which human actions have become the main driver of global environmental change5. This could see human activities push the Earth system outside the stable environmental state of the Holocene, with consequences that are detrimental or even catastrophic for large parts of the world.”

“During the Holocene, environmental change occurred naturally and Earth's regulatory capacity maintained the conditions that enabled human development. Regular temperatures, freshwater availability and biogeochemical flows all stayed within a relatively narrow range. Now, largely because of a rapidly growing reliance on fossil fuels and industrialized forms of agriculture, human activities have reached a level that could damage the systems that keep Earth in the desirable Holocene state. The result could be irreversible and, in some cases, abrupt environmental change, leading to a state less conducive to human development6. Without pressure from humans, the Holocene is expected to continue for at least several thousands of years7. “(Emphasis added.)

“We have tried to identify the Earth-system processesand associated thresholds which, if crossed, could generate unacceptable environmental change. We have found nine such processesfor which we believe it is necessary to define planetary boundaries: climate change; rate of biodiversity loss (terrestrial and marine); interference with the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles; stratospheric ozone depletion; ocean acidification; global freshwater use; change in land use; chemical pollution; and atmospheric aerosol loading(see Fig. 1 and Table).” (Emphasis added.)

The inner green shading represents the proposed safe operating space for nine planetary systems. The red wedges represent an estimate of the current position for each variable. The boundaries in three systems (rate of biodiversity loss, climate change and human interference with the nitrogen cycle), have already been exceeded. (Emphasis added.)

1. Dansgaard, W. et al. Nature 364, 218–220 (1993).

2. Petit, J. R. et al. Nature 399, 429–436 (1999).

3. Rioual, P. et al. Nature 413, 293–296 (2001).

4. Crutzen, P. J. Nature 415, 23 (2002).

5. Steffen, W., Crutzen, P. J. & McNeill, J. R. Ambio 36, 614–621 (2007).

6. Steffen, W. et al. Global Change and the Earth System: A Planet Under Pressure (Springer Verlag, 2004).

7. Berger, A. & Loutre, M. F. Science 297, 1287–1288 (2002).

Environmental Science & Technology 2022, August 2, 2022, Outside the Safe Operating Space of a New Planetary Boundary for Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), by Ian T. Counsins, Jana H. Johansson, Mathew E. Salter, Bo Sha, and Martin Scheringer. http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02765

@2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Mangabeira Unger, a Brazilian social theorist and political activist, has said “at every level the greatest obstacle to transforming the world is that we lack the clarity and imagination that it could be different.” (Emphasis added)

Mohandas K. Gandhi, “A small body of determined spirits fired by an unquenchable faith in their mission can alter the course of history.” (Emphasis added)

In beauty, I walk

To the direction of the rising sun

In beauty, I walk

To the direction traveling with the sun

In beauty, I walk

To the direction of the setting sun

In beauty, I walk

All around me my land is beauty

- Navajo (Yebichi) chant

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